Milk and cream product emulsifier



April 18, 1950 J. H. GARDNER MILK AND CREAM PRODUCT EMULSIF'IER FiledOct. '13, 1947 IN V EN TOR.

Ja/r/v /7f 6/?R0/VER. BY l Patented Apr. 18, 1950 MILK AND CREAM PRODUCTEMULS IFIER John H. Gardner, Daytona Beach, Fla., assignor, by decree ofdistribution, to Elizabeth Gardner Application October 13, 1947, SerialNo. 779,619

I 13 Claims. (01. 259-4) This invention relates to apparatus foremulsifying liquids, semi-plastic liquids and the like.

Heretofore for homogenizing and the like pressures in the neighborhoodof 2000 pounds per square inch have been required.

The chief object of the present invention is to attain the same orbetter results by utilizing very much lower pressures such as from threeto five hundred pounds per square inch with the result that a cream-liketexture of the product is obtained.

The chief feature-of the present invention resides in providing betweena pair of discs a plurality of screens so disposed relative to eachother and the discs that a tortuous passage is provided, the inventionbeing of adjustable character as to the pressure mechanically imposedthereon.

Thus-the screens act as a valve (and of adjustable type) through whichthe liquid is forced for emulsification.

Another feature of the invention resides in the construction andassembly of the same so that it may be disassembled readily for cleaningpurposes. a

A further feature of the invention is that the parts have acomparatively long life, as compared with a high pressure homogenizer,since exceptionally long life is inherent herein due to the reduction inwear by reason of the extremely low pressures utilized.

Other :objects and features ofthe invention will be set forth more fullyhereinafter.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from theaccompanying drawings and the following description and claims.

In the drawings:

Fig; 1 is a central sectional view of the preferred embodiment of theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a disassembled or exploded view of the emulsifying elements ofthe invention.

The present invention is intended to be utilized with a low pressurepump, a supply of liquid to be emulsified and a container for theemulsified liquid. Such liquids comprise milk, cream, ice cream mix,other edible mixes, and nonedibles such as face creams, etc.

In Fig. 1, It! indicates a supply fixture having intake H adapted forconnection to a source of liquid which liquid is pressure suppliedthereto under the comparatively low pressure previously specified.Intake chamber l2 includes an outlet I3 for a gauge connection.

Fixture I0 is laterally flanged as at l4 and threaded as at for rigidconnection'to a cup type body member 16 as at IT. The body opposite theintake II is threaded as at l8 to adjustably accommodate pressure screw[9, upon the exterior of which, as at 20, is a rotatable hand wheel orknob 2|. A look nut 22 having handle 23 is arranged to lock the screw inadjusted position.

The cup l6 has connected to it the discharge line 24. Opposite same isthe cleanout opening 25 closed by removable plug 26. The fixture and cuptogether form a chamber in which is disposed the emulsifying elementsheld together by screw l9 against pressure separation, as hereinafterpointed out. a

The body attaching end of. fixture It includes a well 2'! to receive andnest the end 28 of a heavy disc 29. A flange 30 therein is clampedbetween the fixture and body as shown, thus. rigidly holding the discinpredetermined position. l The disc 29 has extending therethroughthecentral passage 3| andsame is in free communication with intake chamberi2. The forward end of disc 29 is reduced as at 32 and the free end isfurther reduced as at 33. At the passage end the same is enlarged at 34.The forward face is annularly channeled as at 35 forming two concentricridges 36 and 31. The outer faces thereof are minutely grooved and thegrooves while broadly radially directed are oppositely inclined as at 38and 39 respectively. This effects a change of liquid flow direction ashereinafter described.

A foraminated screen 40 is disposed in contact with said disc andincludes peripheral bead portion 4| and internal collar portion 42.Therebetween and spaced from both is the annular portion 43.Therebetween are disposed the coplanar concentric portions 44 and 45.The foraminations are holes of minute size.

A second foraminated screen 46 is disposed in contact with screen 40. Itincludes peripheral bead portion 41 and internal collarportion 48', thesame being oppositely directed. Therebetween and spaced from both is theannular portion 49. Therebetween is disposed the coplanar concentricportions 50 and 5|. The foramina tions are holes of minute size.

Portions 50 and 5| are in contact with portions 44 and respectively. Thebeads or rims are disposed in interfitting relation. The collars areoppositely disposed. Annular channel portion '43 is seated in annulargroove 35 while portions 44 and 45 are disposed in'contact with groovedfaces 36 and 31 respectively. l

Confronting screen 46 is a second disc 52 having central opening 53 andinner and outerreductions 54 and 55 with annular channel 56 spaced fromboth forming the concentric surfaces 51 and 68. Each surface is finelygrooved in a general radial direction and in opposite directions as at59 and so. Grooves as and 5a are similarly a1- 5 fluid dischargatochamber 61.

housing with an intake and an outlet disposed in spaced'relation, thecombination therewith of a pressure maintained assembly interposedbetween the inlet and outlet and through which the liquid to beemulsified is forced therethrough by pressurathe assembly comprisingconfronting discs, and a plurality of foraminated screens .qhsubst nalls' ,the same .efiective area of the @Edis s andaiinterpos d tthecbetween, liquid flow Disposed'an'd press fitted into the disc central10 being generally radiallybetween the discs.

opening 53 is the base portion 62 having a reac wardly directed coneportion 63 at one end and a flange 64 at its opposite endzll heilatteriis engaged by end 65 of screw 1,9. f .fiipce ,pprtion 4.9

2. Apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein the confronting faces of :thediscs are annularly iohanneledltoeformean annular chambertherebetweemthediscs at.that chamber having oppoof screen 46 is nestedin channelfjfigiofp 1s1'c."5 2"11;.1t.ely'fdiiiectedportions to form ascreen chamit will be apparent that the"two"'discs' w h"the two screensinterposed therebef wnemw lllthethelili:1 in assembled relation, asshown in Fig. 1, under any desired compressive force impose'cl byscrewl9- .rQnera enazisra-s follows: biquidetozbetcmul sis fledsismntinupusly.snnnliedumde m essure; the

n -e snr cinesa e ztainahleizbyether' angernot' sh w onnected to intakechamber-Meat" at;

ietrti; ilfhissmressurennayilbe :regnlatedsineany as conventionalmannerias by-rspeedingmpsthe pump and the like. 7 A

r'Ilhe'liqu-idmnder pressuretentcrs berets! rfliibhe *2ctedradiallysoutwardmy Thus theiliqui'dzis r'forced throngheminute pereforations iand ithroughrminute egrooves strav'eling in atortuousrpathgthroughetheiemulsitfier'proper.

"*berwithin the annular chamber.

.3..inppasatuszas defined by claim 1 wherein each confronting face ofthe disc includes a tpluralityof V substantially coplanar concentric 20ridges and each ridge mas its confronting face minute smavedsthe.tdirectionsaofetheeame s V n2- ene a1lyma -i directed-t r r a.Apparatus" efined. rhuwlaimfitw'whf st the a oma ima iacentlrdaesaqfthesamadisc are sli ht y edgtathe:radialadira tiom:fiaennaratusrast efined byeslaimrs;whene t .rgones in; vadiaceiritieridees tare oppositely e J l J nan mulsiiuingian aratusrhavin ga honsafwithe-an; intak :anshan Bennett-disposed spaced relation, thecombination therewith .m ssurc-sma utained aassemhlweinterpos d;

are

twenthe in1eteand outletmand brough men the: liquidacme-examined med,ere. thrmigh ggressure. the. assembly 5: comprising ccnfirontingdiscsaanclsagpluralitmcf ieraminated r .snresnsr f =1substantiallytheisame reitectir area 7 of the discs and interposed therebetweenliquid 110w aheinge enera u a ialiyebetweenktheraises.

momthisehambersit iii'sehalgesibyzgravity toidisai eron-fr ntiniacestoflthetdiscs beingzannnlatly change linerzl from which: itimay'zbeulischarged direct viforeuse i or to a collectiontnontainer;,-anotshowngfromrwhich it ma'ytbesdrawne as desiredor required.

and'zsince theztravelzis generallyaradiailysoutwardtheistructuresiszofsselfrelieringitypezforrthedischarge-sends;IQdHaJIYiliHCreQ-SBE eEurthermore; whenztheliquid-supply.isgcutaoffethesnrewi mean bevbacked zoutandethe-e discs. .anfiesereensizreadily .55.

removed whenathezbndyzandafixtureiawsenarated:Thisermitseleaningnfralltparis..

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described-min great-detail fore oing; descriptionmtzheasame; d e asllustrative andenat: aeestrictivewdn character. i" r p 7The;specific;modificatiomdescrihed :hercin; as

well-zas thersswhichewill:readilwsu gest hemeselvesltotmrsons.skilledsin.thisiartzra re on..- {ID sideredztol-bewithin theebr asisscope manna vent-ion, zr-eferhme f-beingvhad-i theeami nded claims. p

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areali htlythiasedzztn. V

8. Apparatus as definedibyr iclaim"ilszwhercin :While :tle inv nt onmaszrheensilh stmtedeand til toy-12B: --:cnn:- 1135.

channeled to form an ,annulam hemhe zthereeach ridge has its confrontingface minutely ooved? mesdireetionsecf theeeirooyeshemgr e anally.fiflifillliidii'fiQfiBd-J r -JZ. Apnaratus ease-defined ebmclairnfiaviheaein the r oves lingaclianentvlrid es nth -rsameidisc ethemadialedireotiam iihcargmaves,zinnadiacentr rid esriarer'mizafisitelydirectedg...

Quin ran lemulsifuinga :zannaratns havin a housing with 1amintakesandizxan: outlet-rdslsnofisd in spacedrelatldmath.mombinfitiflnifimwith of a pressure maintainedassemblygmtenpnsed betwecn the inlet andmutl randrthr u h which theliquid to; the: eemulsiiied; sis: theme thr nehebycnressnrl.willie-assembly memprisin snream of rsuhstantiallx the 'isameaffective miea Qffill cd SQ andiint rnesed therehetweennl nuidflea/slicing generally. :nadiallya etween-etheeiisw; the screens.inniudingrzsimilarlmdi ected pexinhe.eralirimscfordmeriittingannrnosnsiandmnnositely directed central collarpprtionias .7

il'flainnnaratuseas;rdefinedby claim'iatwherein each-screen datwicemthevrim ndrcellar martian includesea znluraityzafeannularsmortiansraniallu offset-tititli resncct-to :eaclwother:.r' 5121... diiparatiisiasgdefinedahy claim-:mtiwherein tw f said nu.zncrtinns-zof acachascreen --aontact similarimortions f adjacent-seamenV V apparatuseaas;-etcsfqsmiassersenacbamherfierebetweenrp..

12. Emulsifying apparatus comprising a pair of confronting discs, aplurality of screens of substantially similar area disposed therebetweenand of an effective area substantially that of the discs, a housingenclosing said discs and screens and providing an abutment for one disc,and a clamp screw carried by the housing and engaging the other disc forclamping the discs and screens together for liquid pressure separationresistance.

13. Apparatus as defined by claim 12 wherein a handle type lock nut ismounted on the screw external of the housing and is engageable thereonfor screw locking purposes.

JOHN H. GARDNER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,131,368 Grelck Mar. 9, 19151,581,223 Moore Apr. 20, 1926 2,075,589 Munz Mar. 30, 1937 2,389,486Colony Nov. 20, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 27,496Netherlands Feb. 15, 21932

